These controversies concerning the relationships among citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs might be due to ways that OCBs are calculated. During the literature, OCBs have frequently been defined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are not able to discover the behavioural motivations underlying OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4